Five facts about physiotherapy and anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

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1. Zbrojkiewicz, D., Vertullo, C. and Grayson, J.E. (2018). Increasing rates of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in young Australians, 2000–2015. Medical Journal of Australia, 208: 354-358. https://doi.org/10.5694/mja17.00974
2. Maniar, N., et al. (2022). Trends in Australian knee injury rates: An epidemiological analysis of 228,344 injuries over 20 years. The Lancet Regional Health – Western Pacific, 21(100409). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanwpc.2022.100024
3. Ardern CL, et al. (2018). 2018 International Olympic Committee consensus statement on prevention, diagnosis and management of paediatric anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries. British Journal of Sports Medicine 2018;52:422-438. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2018-099060
4. Kan, A., English, T., Penny, A., Franc-Smith, J., Tudor, F., & Sattler, L. (2025). Does the addition of a lateral extra-articular procedure to a primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction result in superior functional and clinical outcomes? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 53(11), 2749-2760.
5. Beckers, L., Vivacqua, T., Firth, A. D., & Getgood, A. M. (2021). Clinical outcomes of contemporary lateral augmentation techniques in primary ACL reconstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics, 8(1), 59.
6. Onggo, J. R., Rasaratnam, H. K., Nambiar, M., Onggo, J. D., Pai, V., Damasena, I., ... & Babazadeh, S. (2022). Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction alone versus with lateral extra-articular tenodesis with minimum 2-year follow-up: A meta-analysis and systematic review of randomized controlled trials. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 50(4), 1137-1145.
7. Kunze, K. N., Manzi, J., Richardson, M., White, A. E., Coladonato, C., DePhillipo, N. N., ... & Chahla, J. (2021). Combined anterolateral and anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction improves pivot shift compared with isolated anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery, 37(8), 2677-2703.
8. Grindem, H., et al. (2016). "Simple decision rules can reduce reinjury risk by 84% after ACL reconstruction." BJSM.
9. White T, Castro M, Antonio L, Hing W, Tudor F, Sattler L. Quadriceps, hamstring and patella tendon autografts for primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction demonstrate similar clinical outcomes, including graft failure, joint laxity and complications: a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2025;1–16.
10. Dai W, Leng X, Wang J, Cheng J, Hu X, Ao Y. Quadriceps tendon autograft versus bone-patellar tendon-bone and hamstring tendon autografts for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Sports Med. 2022;50(12):3425–39.
11. Tuca M, Valderrama I, Eriksson K, Tapasvi S. Current trends in anterior cruciate ligament surgery: a worldwide benchmark study. J ISAKOS. 2023;8(1):2–10.
12. Ardern, C. L., Taylor, N. F., Feller, J. A., & Webster, K. E. (2014). Fifty-five percent return to competitive sport following ACL reconstruction surgery: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 48(21), 1543–1552.
13. Ardern, C. L., Taylor, N. F., Feller, J. A., Whitehead, T. S., & Webster, K. E. (2013). Psychological responses matter in returning to pre-injury level of sport after ACL reconstruction surgery. American Journal of Sports Medicine, 41(7), 1549–1558.
14. Webster, K. E., Feller, J. A., & Lambros, C. (2008). Development and preliminary validation of a scale to measure the psychological impact of returning to sport following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery. Physical Therapy in Sport, 9(1), 9–15.

Common myths about hypermobility and EDS

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