Pain

A graphic image abstractly representing the organs of the female pelvis
INMOTION 01 Sep, 2025

Persistent pelvic pain and endometriosis

Physiotherapy is increasingly recognised as a treatment for persistent pelvic pain and endometriosis. Four experts from the APA's Women's, Men's and Pelvic Health national group tell us what physiotherapists should know about these conditions and when to seek expert help.

Persistent pelvic pain is a leading health concern for women, girls and other people with a uterus. 

There are a variety of causes but endometriosis is considered to be the predominant condition. 

Connie Wells and the BUMPBELT
INMOTION 27 Aug, 2025

From pain to product

Connie Wells describes how she spotted a gap in the antenatal market and unexpectedly became a product developer and entrepreneur.

When I graduated as a physiotherapist, I never imagined I’d one day be balancing outpatient appointments and team meetings with material suppliers. 

I certainly didn’t think I’d be running a side business from my kitchen table but that’s exactly where I’ve found myself—a young woman, still deeply connected to public health, now dipping my toes into the world of entrepreneurship. 

A woman is holding up an x-ray-style image of the pelvic region against her pelvis.
INMOTION 27 Aug, 2025

APASC25: Sensorimotor distortion in persistent pelvic pain

Physiotherapist and women’s health researcher Dr Robyn Brennen and physiotherapist Caitlin Shepherd interview keynote speaker Jilly Bond, a British pelvic health physiotherapist, about the role of sensorimotor distortion in pelvic pain.

 What are some key differences in underlying mechanisms between back pain and pelvic pain? 

Ruth and the pain rehab team at Sunraysia Community Health Services.
INMOTION 01 Aug, 2025

Finding meaning in rural health equity

Physiotherapist and researcher Dr Ruth Hardman has forged a remarkable path, from theatre tours to trailblazing pain care in Mildura in north-west Victoria. With a deep commitment to health equity, Ruth is shaping how community-based services support people living with chronic pain and complex health challenges in regional Australia.

When Dr Ruth Hardman MACP talks about her career it is with a kind of humility that belies her impact. 

Woman sitting on the couch, clutching her knee
INMOTION 30 Jul, 2025

Knee OA risk factors across the life span

A systematic review and meta-analysis have helped to identify major risk factors for knee osteoarthritis in later life.

It is estimated that knee osteoarthritis (OA) affects around 23 per cent of the global population aged 40 years and over, with the individual lifetime risk for symptomatic knee OA as much as 45 per cent. 

Knee OA is a leading cause of disability that also comes at a high cost; in Australia, $3.5 billion is spent annually on treating it and it results in a yearly productivity loss of $424 billion. 

A physiotherapist and patient are having a discussion about pain.
INMOTION 29 Jul, 2025

Patient perceptions of musculoskeletal pain labels

Researchers from the United Kingdom, Australia and Ireland analysed data from 18 qualitative studies to investigate patient and public perceptions of diagnostic labels for musculoskeletal pain. Lead author Stephen Martin answers some questions about the study.

Your findings suggest that patients often prefer specific labels, even though these can lead to fear and unnecessary interventions. How should physiotherapists navigate this tension in day-to-day practice?

A man exercises his knee as if being prescribed exercise for knee OA.
INMOTION 29 Jul, 2025

Exercise management for knee osteoarthritis

Researchers from Australia, America and the United Kingdom published a narrative review outlining recent research highlights and uncertainties in the exercise management of knee osteoarthritis (OA) published in the past five years. The lead author, Travis Haber, answers some questions about the review.

You reviewed highlights of recent uncertainty in the evidence on whether exercise meaningfully reduces pain and improves function in knee OA. What implications does this have for future research and clinical practice?

Man clutching his shoulder during a physio examination
INMOTION 25 Jul, 2025

Central sensitivity a key factor in shoulder pain

New research shows that almost one in two Australians with shoulder pain have increased central sensitivity.

Shoulder pain affects up to a quarter of the general population and is often slow to resolve, with about half reporting complete resolution of pain after 18 months. 

Half of those who report ongoing pain also report chronic disability, limiting their daily activities. 

A male physiotherapist examines the back of his female patient, who is sitting on the exam bed.
INMOTION 01 Jul, 2025

Low back pain: what works and what doesn’t

LOW BACK PAIN While dozens of low back pain treatments have been tested in patients, two recent systematic reviews using meta-analysis to compare data from multiple trials have shown that very few treatments have enough high-quality evidence about their efficacy.

Low back pain (LBP) is a common and debilitating musculoskeletal condition and the leading cause of disability worldwide—around 25 to 30 per cent of people with acute LBP will go on to develop persistent and disabling chronic pain. 

The image shows three people standing up in a park, with a picnic basket and one person sitting down. One of the three people standing has a walking aid and a prosthetic leg.
INMOTION 01 Jul, 2025

5 facts about physiotherapy and the social determinants of chronic pain

Dr Tania Gardner and Dr Kirsty Duncan of the APA Pain national group present five discussion points about the social determinants and consequences of chronic pain and their implications for physiotherapy.